Author: Linnaeus
1758:602 (A). Europe; Lapponia; America
(USNM).
Distribution
Azores, Bulgaria, Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland,
Romania, Spain, Tunisia, United Kingdom, United States, Yugoslavia
Synonyms
bifurcatus
Linnaeus 1758:603 (A [type = An.
(Ano.) claviger). Type-loc: Europe (LSL).
Natvig 1948:438 (syst.).
Harbach, Dahl and White 1985:7 (lectotype desig.).
fasciatus
Mueller 1764:87 (A). Type-loc: none designated
(LU)
trifurcatus
Fabricius
1794:401 (A). Type-loc: "Europae paludosis" (NE).
luteus
Meigen 1804:6 (F). Type-loc: Europe (NE).
domesticus
Germar 1817:290 (A). Type-loc: Dalmatia,
[Yugoslavia] (LU).
Marshall
and Staley 1937:23 (syn.).
Harbach
1988:229 (from syn. molestus).
Bionomics
Larvae are found in numerous and variable breeding places ranging
from highly polluted cesspits to clear water pools and containers.
This species usually breeds in stagnant water in either shaded
or unshaded situations. Females readily attack man both indoors
and outdoors (Harbach 1988).
Medical Importance
It has been found naturally infected with Sindbis virus and
West Nile viruses in Israel, West Nile and Rift Valley Fever
in Egypt, and is a primary vector of periodic Bancroftian filariasis
(Harbach 1988).
Additional References
Darsie 1951:34 (P*).
Mattingly 1951b:331
(syst. review).
Carpenter and LaCasse
1955:284 (M*, F*, L*).
Horsfall 1955:563 (general
review).
Mattingly and Knight 1956:102,120 (syst.).
Lewis 1956b:710 (syst).
Barr 1957a:153 (syst.).
Bohart and Washino
1957:463 (L*).
Mattingly 1957c:686
(tax.).
Rioux 1958:244 (M*,L*;
tax.).
Ribeiro and Mexia:1966:176 (tax.).
Tewfik and Barr 1974:216
(chromosomes; ? molestus).
Bram 1975:347 (genetics).
Rickenbach, Eouzan,
Ferrara and Bailly-Choumara 1976:96 (distr.)
Utrio 1976:129, 135
(L*).
Iglisch 1977:267 (M*).
Harbach, Dahl and White
1985:9 (neototype desig.).
Harbach 1988:23
(M, F, P*, L*)
|
