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Author: (Skuse)
1894(1895):20 (F*; Culex).
Calcutta, [West Bengal], India (USNM).
Synonyms
samarensis Ludlow 1903:138
(A; Stegomyia scutellaris ssp.). Type-loc:
Samar, Philippines (USNM).
nigritia Ludlow
1910:194 (F; Stegomyia). Type-loc: Cotabato, Mindanao,
Philippines (USNM).
quasinigritia
Ludlow 1911b:129 (M; Stegomyia). Type-loc: Turucan,
Mindanao, Philippines (USNM).
Bionomics
Immatures are found in natural containers,
including treeholes, bamboo stumps, coconut shells, rockholes,
palm fronds, and leaf axils. They are also found in all varieties
of artifical containers and will breed indoors. Females readily
bite man (Huang 1972).
Medical Importance
Vector of dengue and yellow fever in the wild. Under laboratory
conditions: bird malarias, Eastern and Western equine encephalitis,
West Nile, chikungunya and Japanese encephalitis viruses (Huang
1972).
Additional References
Barraud
1934:233 (M*, F*, L*).
Edwards
1941:153 (A), 391 (P*).
Bohart and Ingram 1946b:5,35,64 (M*, F*, L*).
LaCasse and Yamaguti
1950:111 (M*, F*, P*, L*).
Knight
and Hull 1952:176 (M*, F, L).
Mattingly 1953a:17 (tax.), 49 (distr.).
Horsfall
1955: 506 (review).
Hara
1957:65 (F*).
Bullock 1960:167 (E*).
Huang
1968c:297 (M*, F*, P*; neotype).
Matsuo, Yoshida, and Kunou 1972:359 (E*).
Huang
1972c:13 (M*, F*, P*, L*).
Colless
1973:226 (n. distr.).
Joshi,
Pradhan and Darsie 1965:138 (distr.).
Ree, Self, Hong and Lee 1973:383 (distr.).
Matsuo, Yoshida and Lien 1974:180 (E*).
Tanaka, Saugstad
and Mizusawa 1975:223 (distr.).
Pozza and Mojori 1992:318 (distr., Italy).
Savage, Ezike,
Nwankwo, Spiegel and Miller 1992:101 (distr., Nigeria).
Ibanez-Bernal and Martinez-Campos 1994:231 (distr. ,Mexico).
Ogata and Samayoa 1996:503 (distr., Guatemala).
Adhami
and Reiter 1998:340 (distr., Albania). |
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Distribution
Issas and Afars, Albania, Argentina, Australia,
Bonin Islands, Chagos Islands, Greece, Guatemala, Hawaiian Islands,
India, Italy, Japan (Ryukyu Is.), Korea, Madagascar, Mariana Islands,
Mauritius, Mexico, Nepal, New Guinea, Nigeria, Reunion, Seychelles,
United States
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