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  Author: Falleroni

1926:564 (E*; claviger var.)

[Pontine Marshes, Rome, Latium], Italy (LU)

Distribution
Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Greece, Italy, Libya, Morocco, Romania, Spain, Tunisia

distribution map

Synonyms
pergusae  Missiroli
Missiroli 1935:333 (E; maculipennis ssp.).
Type-loc: Lake Pergusa, Enna Prov., Sicily (LU)
Bates 1940:352 (syn.).
 
sicaulti Roubaud.
Morocco
1935a:107 (M*, L*, E*; maculipennis var.).
Type-loc: Near Rabat, French Morocco (?PIP).
Bates 1940:353 (syn. suggested).
White 1978:24 (from syn. with labranchiae), 25 (neotype desig.).
de Zulueta et al. 1983:73 (syn.).

Bionomics
Larvae are found in clear, still and sunny habitats containing horizontal vegetation, algae, (Ranunculus, Chara, Myriophyllum, Ceratophyllum or Potamogeton). Habitats include large shallow spring flood pools, slow and stagnant streams, permanent swamps, marshes and rice fields (Aitken 1953). Females readily enter buildings to bite man and cattle (Aitken 1953).

Medical Importance
[Not yet available]

Additional References
[Not yet available]
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